Reconstructing Earth's Climate History
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Reconstructing Earth's Climate History
Inquiry-Based Exercises for Lab and Class
St. John, Kristen; Krissek, Lawrence; Pound, Kate; Jones, Megan; Leckie, R. Mark
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
09/2021
560
Mole
Inglês
9781119544111
15 a 20 dias
1528
Descrição não disponível.
The Authors viii
Foreword from First Edition x
Acknowledgments xi
Book Introduction to the Second Edition for Students and Instructors xii
About the Companion Website xvii
1 Chapter 1. Introduction to Paleoclimate Records
3 Part 1.1. Archives and Proxies
13 Part 1.2. Obtaining Cores from Terrestrial and Marine Paleoclimate Archives
27 Part 1.3. Owens Lake - An Introductory Case Study of Paleoclimate Reconstruction
31 Chapter 2. Seafloor Sediments
33 Part 2.1. Sediment Predictions
34 Part 2.2. Core Observation and Description
41 Part 2.3. Sediment Composition
52 Part 2.4. Seafloor Sediment Synthesis
57 Chapter 3. Geologic Time and Geochronology
59 Part 3.1. The Geologic Timescale
62 Part 3.2. Principles of Stratigraphy and Determining Relative Ages
64 Part 3.3. Radiometric Age Dating Fundamentals
69 Part 3.4. Using 40K - 40Ar Dating to Determine the Numerical Ages of Layered Volcanic Rocks
76 Part 3.5. Using Uranium Series Dating to Determine Changes in Growth Rate of Speleothems
89 Chapter 4. Paleomagnetism and Magnetostratigraphy
91 Part 4.1. Earth's Magnetic Field Today and the Paleomagnetic Record of Deep-Sea Sediments
100 Part 4.2. History of Discovery: Paleomagnetism in Ocean Crust and Marine Sediments
108 Part 4.3. Using Paleomagnetism to Test the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
114 Part 4.4. The Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale
119 Chapter 5. Microfossils and Biostratigraphy
121 Part 5.1. What Are Microfossils? Why Are They Important in Climate Change Science?
130 Part 5.2. Microfossils in Deep-Sea Sediments
137 Part 5.3. Application of Microfossil First and Last Occurrences
144 Part 5.4. Using Microfossil Datums to Calculate Sedimentation Rates
149 Part 5.5. How Reliable Are Microfossil Datums?
156 Part 5.6. Organic-Walled Microfossils: Marine Dinoflagellates and Terrestrial Pollen and Spores
165 Chapter 6. CO2 as a Climate Regulator During the Phanerozoic and Today
167 Part 6.1. The Short-Term Global Carbon Cycle
169 Part 6.2. CO2 and Temperature
179 Part 6.3. Recent Changes in CO2
183 Part 6.4. The Long-Term Global Carbon Cycle, CO2, and Phanerozoic Climate History
191 Part 6.5. Carbon Isotopes as a Tool for Tracking Changes in the Carbon Cycle
200 Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotopes as Proxies of Climate Change
202 Part 7.1. Introduction to Oxygen Isotope Records from Ice and Ocean Sediments
205 Part 7.2. The Hydrologic Cycle and Isotopic Fractionation
209 Part 7.3. ?18O in Meteoric Water and Glacial Ice
218 Part 7.4. ?18O in Marine Sediments
226 Chapter 8. Climate Cycles
228 Part 8.1. Patterns and Periodicities
245 Part 8.2. Orbital Metronome
250 Part 8.3. Glacial-Interglacial Periods and Modern Climate Change
255 Chapter 9. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Event
257 Part 9.1. An Important Discovery
260 Part 9.2. Global Consequences of the PETM
296 Part 9.3. Two Hypotheses for the Cause of the PETM
299 Part 9.4. Rates of Onset and Duration of Event
306 Part 9.5. Global Warming Today and Lessons from the PETM
314 Chapter 10. Glaciation of Antarctica: The Oi1 Event
316 Part 10.1. Initial Evidence
321 Part 10.2. Evidence for Global Change
342 Part 10.3. Mountain Building, Weathering, CO2 and Climate
349 Part 10.4. Legacy of the Oi1 Event: The Development of the Psychrosphere
355 Chapter 11. Antarctic Climate Variability in the Neogene
358 Part 11.1. What Do We Think We Know About the History of Antarctic Climate?
362 Part 11.2. What is Antarctica's Geographic and Geologic Context?
375 Part 11.3. Selecting Drillsites to Best Answer our Questions
379 Part 11.4. What Sediment Facies are Common on the Antarctic Margin?
390 Part 11.5. The BIG Picture of ANDRILL 1-B
398 Chapter 12. Pliocene Warmth as an Analog for Our Future
400 Part 12.1. The Last 5 Million Years
407 Part 12.2. Pliocene Latitudinal Temperature Gradient
414 Part 12.3. Estimates of Pliocene CO2
416 Part 12.4. Sea Level Past, Present, and Future
430 Chapter 13. Climate, Climate Change, and Life
432 Part 13.1. Initial Ideas
433 Part 13.2. The Long View: "Precambrian" and Phanerozoic Life and Climate
441 Part 13.3. Examples of Cenozoic Terrestrial Evolution and Climate Connections
458 Part 13.4. Examples of Cenozoic Marine Biotic Evolution and Climate Connections
469 Part 13.5. Humanity, Climate, and Life
481 Part 13.6. Humanity and Future Climate: At a Tipping Point
487 Chapter 14. Climate Change and Civilization
489 Part 14.1. Climate Change Here and Now
497 Part 14.2. Evidence of Climatic Stress on Ancient Maya Civilization
513 Part 14.3. The Precipitation Record of the North American Southwest: The Physical Record and Human Response
536 Index
Foreword from First Edition x
Acknowledgments xi
Book Introduction to the Second Edition for Students and Instructors xii
About the Companion Website xvii
1 Chapter 1. Introduction to Paleoclimate Records
3 Part 1.1. Archives and Proxies
13 Part 1.2. Obtaining Cores from Terrestrial and Marine Paleoclimate Archives
27 Part 1.3. Owens Lake - An Introductory Case Study of Paleoclimate Reconstruction
31 Chapter 2. Seafloor Sediments
33 Part 2.1. Sediment Predictions
34 Part 2.2. Core Observation and Description
41 Part 2.3. Sediment Composition
52 Part 2.4. Seafloor Sediment Synthesis
57 Chapter 3. Geologic Time and Geochronology
59 Part 3.1. The Geologic Timescale
62 Part 3.2. Principles of Stratigraphy and Determining Relative Ages
64 Part 3.3. Radiometric Age Dating Fundamentals
69 Part 3.4. Using 40K - 40Ar Dating to Determine the Numerical Ages of Layered Volcanic Rocks
76 Part 3.5. Using Uranium Series Dating to Determine Changes in Growth Rate of Speleothems
89 Chapter 4. Paleomagnetism and Magnetostratigraphy
91 Part 4.1. Earth's Magnetic Field Today and the Paleomagnetic Record of Deep-Sea Sediments
100 Part 4.2. History of Discovery: Paleomagnetism in Ocean Crust and Marine Sediments
108 Part 4.3. Using Paleomagnetism to Test the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
114 Part 4.4. The Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale
119 Chapter 5. Microfossils and Biostratigraphy
121 Part 5.1. What Are Microfossils? Why Are They Important in Climate Change Science?
130 Part 5.2. Microfossils in Deep-Sea Sediments
137 Part 5.3. Application of Microfossil First and Last Occurrences
144 Part 5.4. Using Microfossil Datums to Calculate Sedimentation Rates
149 Part 5.5. How Reliable Are Microfossil Datums?
156 Part 5.6. Organic-Walled Microfossils: Marine Dinoflagellates and Terrestrial Pollen and Spores
165 Chapter 6. CO2 as a Climate Regulator During the Phanerozoic and Today
167 Part 6.1. The Short-Term Global Carbon Cycle
169 Part 6.2. CO2 and Temperature
179 Part 6.3. Recent Changes in CO2
183 Part 6.4. The Long-Term Global Carbon Cycle, CO2, and Phanerozoic Climate History
191 Part 6.5. Carbon Isotopes as a Tool for Tracking Changes in the Carbon Cycle
200 Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotopes as Proxies of Climate Change
202 Part 7.1. Introduction to Oxygen Isotope Records from Ice and Ocean Sediments
205 Part 7.2. The Hydrologic Cycle and Isotopic Fractionation
209 Part 7.3. ?18O in Meteoric Water and Glacial Ice
218 Part 7.4. ?18O in Marine Sediments
226 Chapter 8. Climate Cycles
228 Part 8.1. Patterns and Periodicities
245 Part 8.2. Orbital Metronome
250 Part 8.3. Glacial-Interglacial Periods and Modern Climate Change
255 Chapter 9. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Event
257 Part 9.1. An Important Discovery
260 Part 9.2. Global Consequences of the PETM
296 Part 9.3. Two Hypotheses for the Cause of the PETM
299 Part 9.4. Rates of Onset and Duration of Event
306 Part 9.5. Global Warming Today and Lessons from the PETM
314 Chapter 10. Glaciation of Antarctica: The Oi1 Event
316 Part 10.1. Initial Evidence
321 Part 10.2. Evidence for Global Change
342 Part 10.3. Mountain Building, Weathering, CO2 and Climate
349 Part 10.4. Legacy of the Oi1 Event: The Development of the Psychrosphere
355 Chapter 11. Antarctic Climate Variability in the Neogene
358 Part 11.1. What Do We Think We Know About the History of Antarctic Climate?
362 Part 11.2. What is Antarctica's Geographic and Geologic Context?
375 Part 11.3. Selecting Drillsites to Best Answer our Questions
379 Part 11.4. What Sediment Facies are Common on the Antarctic Margin?
390 Part 11.5. The BIG Picture of ANDRILL 1-B
398 Chapter 12. Pliocene Warmth as an Analog for Our Future
400 Part 12.1. The Last 5 Million Years
407 Part 12.2. Pliocene Latitudinal Temperature Gradient
414 Part 12.3. Estimates of Pliocene CO2
416 Part 12.4. Sea Level Past, Present, and Future
430 Chapter 13. Climate, Climate Change, and Life
432 Part 13.1. Initial Ideas
433 Part 13.2. The Long View: "Precambrian" and Phanerozoic Life and Climate
441 Part 13.3. Examples of Cenozoic Terrestrial Evolution and Climate Connections
458 Part 13.4. Examples of Cenozoic Marine Biotic Evolution and Climate Connections
469 Part 13.5. Humanity, Climate, and Life
481 Part 13.6. Humanity and Future Climate: At a Tipping Point
487 Chapter 14. Climate Change and Civilization
489 Part 14.1. Climate Change Here and Now
497 Part 14.2. Evidence of Climatic Stress on Ancient Maya Civilization
513 Part 14.3. The Precipitation Record of the North American Southwest: The Physical Record and Human Response
536 Index
Este título pertence ao(s) assunto(s) indicados(s). Para ver outros títulos clique no assunto desejado.
The Authors viii
Foreword from First Edition x
Acknowledgments xi
Book Introduction to the Second Edition for Students and Instructors xii
About the Companion Website xvii
1 Chapter 1. Introduction to Paleoclimate Records
3 Part 1.1. Archives and Proxies
13 Part 1.2. Obtaining Cores from Terrestrial and Marine Paleoclimate Archives
27 Part 1.3. Owens Lake - An Introductory Case Study of Paleoclimate Reconstruction
31 Chapter 2. Seafloor Sediments
33 Part 2.1. Sediment Predictions
34 Part 2.2. Core Observation and Description
41 Part 2.3. Sediment Composition
52 Part 2.4. Seafloor Sediment Synthesis
57 Chapter 3. Geologic Time and Geochronology
59 Part 3.1. The Geologic Timescale
62 Part 3.2. Principles of Stratigraphy and Determining Relative Ages
64 Part 3.3. Radiometric Age Dating Fundamentals
69 Part 3.4. Using 40K - 40Ar Dating to Determine the Numerical Ages of Layered Volcanic Rocks
76 Part 3.5. Using Uranium Series Dating to Determine Changes in Growth Rate of Speleothems
89 Chapter 4. Paleomagnetism and Magnetostratigraphy
91 Part 4.1. Earth's Magnetic Field Today and the Paleomagnetic Record of Deep-Sea Sediments
100 Part 4.2. History of Discovery: Paleomagnetism in Ocean Crust and Marine Sediments
108 Part 4.3. Using Paleomagnetism to Test the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
114 Part 4.4. The Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale
119 Chapter 5. Microfossils and Biostratigraphy
121 Part 5.1. What Are Microfossils? Why Are They Important in Climate Change Science?
130 Part 5.2. Microfossils in Deep-Sea Sediments
137 Part 5.3. Application of Microfossil First and Last Occurrences
144 Part 5.4. Using Microfossil Datums to Calculate Sedimentation Rates
149 Part 5.5. How Reliable Are Microfossil Datums?
156 Part 5.6. Organic-Walled Microfossils: Marine Dinoflagellates and Terrestrial Pollen and Spores
165 Chapter 6. CO2 as a Climate Regulator During the Phanerozoic and Today
167 Part 6.1. The Short-Term Global Carbon Cycle
169 Part 6.2. CO2 and Temperature
179 Part 6.3. Recent Changes in CO2
183 Part 6.4. The Long-Term Global Carbon Cycle, CO2, and Phanerozoic Climate History
191 Part 6.5. Carbon Isotopes as a Tool for Tracking Changes in the Carbon Cycle
200 Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotopes as Proxies of Climate Change
202 Part 7.1. Introduction to Oxygen Isotope Records from Ice and Ocean Sediments
205 Part 7.2. The Hydrologic Cycle and Isotopic Fractionation
209 Part 7.3. ?18O in Meteoric Water and Glacial Ice
218 Part 7.4. ?18O in Marine Sediments
226 Chapter 8. Climate Cycles
228 Part 8.1. Patterns and Periodicities
245 Part 8.2. Orbital Metronome
250 Part 8.3. Glacial-Interglacial Periods and Modern Climate Change
255 Chapter 9. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Event
257 Part 9.1. An Important Discovery
260 Part 9.2. Global Consequences of the PETM
296 Part 9.3. Two Hypotheses for the Cause of the PETM
299 Part 9.4. Rates of Onset and Duration of Event
306 Part 9.5. Global Warming Today and Lessons from the PETM
314 Chapter 10. Glaciation of Antarctica: The Oi1 Event
316 Part 10.1. Initial Evidence
321 Part 10.2. Evidence for Global Change
342 Part 10.3. Mountain Building, Weathering, CO2 and Climate
349 Part 10.4. Legacy of the Oi1 Event: The Development of the Psychrosphere
355 Chapter 11. Antarctic Climate Variability in the Neogene
358 Part 11.1. What Do We Think We Know About the History of Antarctic Climate?
362 Part 11.2. What is Antarctica's Geographic and Geologic Context?
375 Part 11.3. Selecting Drillsites to Best Answer our Questions
379 Part 11.4. What Sediment Facies are Common on the Antarctic Margin?
390 Part 11.5. The BIG Picture of ANDRILL 1-B
398 Chapter 12. Pliocene Warmth as an Analog for Our Future
400 Part 12.1. The Last 5 Million Years
407 Part 12.2. Pliocene Latitudinal Temperature Gradient
414 Part 12.3. Estimates of Pliocene CO2
416 Part 12.4. Sea Level Past, Present, and Future
430 Chapter 13. Climate, Climate Change, and Life
432 Part 13.1. Initial Ideas
433 Part 13.2. The Long View: "Precambrian" and Phanerozoic Life and Climate
441 Part 13.3. Examples of Cenozoic Terrestrial Evolution and Climate Connections
458 Part 13.4. Examples of Cenozoic Marine Biotic Evolution and Climate Connections
469 Part 13.5. Humanity, Climate, and Life
481 Part 13.6. Humanity and Future Climate: At a Tipping Point
487 Chapter 14. Climate Change and Civilization
489 Part 14.1. Climate Change Here and Now
497 Part 14.2. Evidence of Climatic Stress on Ancient Maya Civilization
513 Part 14.3. The Precipitation Record of the North American Southwest: The Physical Record and Human Response
536 Index
Foreword from First Edition x
Acknowledgments xi
Book Introduction to the Second Edition for Students and Instructors xii
About the Companion Website xvii
1 Chapter 1. Introduction to Paleoclimate Records
3 Part 1.1. Archives and Proxies
13 Part 1.2. Obtaining Cores from Terrestrial and Marine Paleoclimate Archives
27 Part 1.3. Owens Lake - An Introductory Case Study of Paleoclimate Reconstruction
31 Chapter 2. Seafloor Sediments
33 Part 2.1. Sediment Predictions
34 Part 2.2. Core Observation and Description
41 Part 2.3. Sediment Composition
52 Part 2.4. Seafloor Sediment Synthesis
57 Chapter 3. Geologic Time and Geochronology
59 Part 3.1. The Geologic Timescale
62 Part 3.2. Principles of Stratigraphy and Determining Relative Ages
64 Part 3.3. Radiometric Age Dating Fundamentals
69 Part 3.4. Using 40K - 40Ar Dating to Determine the Numerical Ages of Layered Volcanic Rocks
76 Part 3.5. Using Uranium Series Dating to Determine Changes in Growth Rate of Speleothems
89 Chapter 4. Paleomagnetism and Magnetostratigraphy
91 Part 4.1. Earth's Magnetic Field Today and the Paleomagnetic Record of Deep-Sea Sediments
100 Part 4.2. History of Discovery: Paleomagnetism in Ocean Crust and Marine Sediments
108 Part 4.3. Using Paleomagnetism to Test the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
114 Part 4.4. The Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale
119 Chapter 5. Microfossils and Biostratigraphy
121 Part 5.1. What Are Microfossils? Why Are They Important in Climate Change Science?
130 Part 5.2. Microfossils in Deep-Sea Sediments
137 Part 5.3. Application of Microfossil First and Last Occurrences
144 Part 5.4. Using Microfossil Datums to Calculate Sedimentation Rates
149 Part 5.5. How Reliable Are Microfossil Datums?
156 Part 5.6. Organic-Walled Microfossils: Marine Dinoflagellates and Terrestrial Pollen and Spores
165 Chapter 6. CO2 as a Climate Regulator During the Phanerozoic and Today
167 Part 6.1. The Short-Term Global Carbon Cycle
169 Part 6.2. CO2 and Temperature
179 Part 6.3. Recent Changes in CO2
183 Part 6.4. The Long-Term Global Carbon Cycle, CO2, and Phanerozoic Climate History
191 Part 6.5. Carbon Isotopes as a Tool for Tracking Changes in the Carbon Cycle
200 Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotopes as Proxies of Climate Change
202 Part 7.1. Introduction to Oxygen Isotope Records from Ice and Ocean Sediments
205 Part 7.2. The Hydrologic Cycle and Isotopic Fractionation
209 Part 7.3. ?18O in Meteoric Water and Glacial Ice
218 Part 7.4. ?18O in Marine Sediments
226 Chapter 8. Climate Cycles
228 Part 8.1. Patterns and Periodicities
245 Part 8.2. Orbital Metronome
250 Part 8.3. Glacial-Interglacial Periods and Modern Climate Change
255 Chapter 9. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Event
257 Part 9.1. An Important Discovery
260 Part 9.2. Global Consequences of the PETM
296 Part 9.3. Two Hypotheses for the Cause of the PETM
299 Part 9.4. Rates of Onset and Duration of Event
306 Part 9.5. Global Warming Today and Lessons from the PETM
314 Chapter 10. Glaciation of Antarctica: The Oi1 Event
316 Part 10.1. Initial Evidence
321 Part 10.2. Evidence for Global Change
342 Part 10.3. Mountain Building, Weathering, CO2 and Climate
349 Part 10.4. Legacy of the Oi1 Event: The Development of the Psychrosphere
355 Chapter 11. Antarctic Climate Variability in the Neogene
358 Part 11.1. What Do We Think We Know About the History of Antarctic Climate?
362 Part 11.2. What is Antarctica's Geographic and Geologic Context?
375 Part 11.3. Selecting Drillsites to Best Answer our Questions
379 Part 11.4. What Sediment Facies are Common on the Antarctic Margin?
390 Part 11.5. The BIG Picture of ANDRILL 1-B
398 Chapter 12. Pliocene Warmth as an Analog for Our Future
400 Part 12.1. The Last 5 Million Years
407 Part 12.2. Pliocene Latitudinal Temperature Gradient
414 Part 12.3. Estimates of Pliocene CO2
416 Part 12.4. Sea Level Past, Present, and Future
430 Chapter 13. Climate, Climate Change, and Life
432 Part 13.1. Initial Ideas
433 Part 13.2. The Long View: "Precambrian" and Phanerozoic Life and Climate
441 Part 13.3. Examples of Cenozoic Terrestrial Evolution and Climate Connections
458 Part 13.4. Examples of Cenozoic Marine Biotic Evolution and Climate Connections
469 Part 13.5. Humanity, Climate, and Life
481 Part 13.6. Humanity and Future Climate: At a Tipping Point
487 Chapter 14. Climate Change and Civilization
489 Part 14.1. Climate Change Here and Now
497 Part 14.2. Evidence of Climatic Stress on Ancient Maya Civilization
513 Part 14.3. The Precipitation Record of the North American Southwest: The Physical Record and Human Response
536 Index
Este título pertence ao(s) assunto(s) indicados(s). Para ver outros títulos clique no assunto desejado.
