Wireless Sensor Systems for Extreme Environments

List of Contributors xvii Preface xxi Part I Wireless Sensor Systems for Extreme Environments Generic Solutions 1 1 Wireless Sensor Systems for Extreme Environments 3 Habib F. Rashvand and Ali Abedi 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Wireless Sensor Systems for Space and other Extreme Environments 4 1.3 Chapter Summaries 6 2 Feedback Control Challenges with Wireless Networks in Extreme Environments 21 Lonnie Labonte, Ali Abedi and Praveen Shankar 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Controllers in Extreme Environments 22 2.3 System Dynamics and Control Design Fundamentals 24 2.4 Feedback Control Challenges when using Wireless Networks 32 2.5 Effect of Delay on the Transient Response of a Second-order System 38 2.6 Discussion 42 2.7 Summary 42 References 43 3 Optimizing Lifetime and Power Consumption for Sensing Applications in Extreme Environments 45 Gholamreza Alirezaei, Omid Taghizadeh and Rudolf Mathar 3.1 Introduction 45 3.2 Overview and Technical System Description 46 3.3 Power and Lifetime Optimisation 48 3.4 Visualization and Numerical Results 54 3.5 Application of Power Control in Extreme Environments 58 3.6 Summary 62 References 63 4 On Improving Connectivity-based Localisation in Wireless Sensor Networks 65 Bang Wang 4.1 Introduction 65 4.2 Connectivity-based Localisation in One-Hop Networks 66 4.3 Connectivity-based Localisation in Multi-Hop Networks 67 4.4 On Improving Connectivity-based Localisation 70 4.5 Summary 78 References 79 5 Rare-events Sensing and Event-powered Wireless Sensor Networks 83 Winston K.G. Seah and David Harrison 5.1 Coverage Preservation [19] 85 5.2 Event-powered Wireless Sensor [20] 92 5.3 Cluster-Centric WSNs for Rare-event Monitoring [21] 100 5.4 Summary 106 References 107 Part II Space WSS Solutions and Applications 111 6 Battery-less Sensors for Space 113 Ali Abedi 6.1 Introduction 113 6.2 Wired or Wireless Sensing: Cost Benefit Analysis 114 6.3 Active and Passive Wireless Sensors 117 6.4 Design Considerations for Battery-less Sensors 119 7 Contact Plan Design for Predictable Disruption-tolerant Space Sensor Networks 123 Juan A. Fraire, Pablo Madoery and Jorge M. Finochietto 7.1 Introduction 123 7.2 Contact Plan Design Methodology 129 7.3 Contact Plan Design Analysis 140 7.4 Contact Plan Design Discussion 145 7.5 Summary 147 References 147 8 Infrared Wireless Sensor Network Development for the Ariane Launcher 151 Hendra Kesuma, Johannes Sebald and Steffen Paul 8.1 Introduction 151 8.2 Development Processes and Measurements of Infrared Transceiver ASIC 154 8.3 Summary 166 References 167 9 Multichannel Wireless Sensor Networks for Structural Health Monitoring of Aircraft and Launchers 169 Pascale Minet, Gerard Chalhoub, Erwan Livolant, Michel Misson, Ridha Soua, Rana Diab, Badr Rmili and Jean-Francois Perelgritz 9.1 Context 169 9.2 General Multichannel Challenges 173 9.3 Multichannel Challenges for Data Gathering Support 181 9.4 Sahara: Example of Solution 188 9.5 Summary 197 10 Wireless Piezoelectric Sensor Systems for Defect Detection and Localization 201 Xuewu Dai, Shang Gao, Kewen Pan, Jiwen Zhu and Habib F. Rashvand 10.1 Introduction 201 10.2 Lamb Wave-based Defect Detection 204 10.3 Wireless PZT Sensor Networks 209 10.4 Wireless PZT Sensor Node 211 10.5 Distributed Data Processing 212 10.6 Summary 215 11 Navigation and Remote Sensing using Near-space Satellite Platforms 221 Wen-Qin Wang and Dingde Jiang 11.1 Background and Motivation 221 11.2 Near-space Platforms in Wireless Sensor Systems 225 11.3 Overview of NSPs in Wireless Sensor Systems 228 11.4 Integrated Wireless Sensor Systems 231 11.5 Arrangement of Near-space Platforms 234 11.6 Limitations and Vulnerabilities 236 Part III Underwater and Submerged WSS Solutions 247 12 Underwater Acoustic Sensing: An Introduction 249 Habib F. Rashvand, Lloyd Emokpae and James Agajo 12.1 Introduction 249 12.2 Underwater Wireless Smart Sensing 251 12.3 Netted Sensors 256 12.4 Networking 262 12.5 Typical Underwater Sensing Applications 266 13 Underwater Anchor Localisation Using Surface-reflected Beams 275 Lloyd Emokpae 13.1 Introduction 275 13.2 UREAL Angle of Arrival Measurements 277 13.3 Closed-form Least Squares Position Estimation 278 13.4 Prototype Evaluation 281 Summary 286 References 286 14 Coordinates Determination of Submerged Sensors with a Single Beacon Using the Cayley Menger Determinant 287 Anisur Rahman and Vallipuram Muthukkumarasamy 14.1 Introduction 287 14.2 Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks 288 14.3 Dynamicity of Underwater Environment 289 14.4 Proposed Configuration 291 14.5 Distance Determination 293 14.6 Coordinate Determination 297 14.7 Simulation Results 304 15 Underwater and Submerged Wireless Sensor Systems: Security Issues and Solutions 311 Kubra Kalkan, Albert Levi and Sherali Zeadally 15.1 Introduction 311 15.2 Underwater Wireless Sensor Systems 312 15.3 Security Requirements, Issues and Solutions 314 15.4 Future Challenges and Research Directions 320 15.5 Summary 321 References 321 Part IV Underground and Confined Environments WSS Solutions 325 16 Achievable Throughput of Magnetic Induction Based Sensor Networks for Underground Communications 327 Steven Kisseleff, Ian F. Akyildiz and Wolfgang H. Gerstacker 16.1 Introduction 327 16.2 Method 329 16.3 Results 343 16.4 Discussion 346 16.5 Summary 347 References 348 17 Agricultural Applications of Underground Wireless Sensor Systems: A Technical Review 351 Saeideh Sheikhpour, Ali Mahani and Habib F. Rashvand 17.1 Introduction 351 17.2 WSN Technology in Agriculture 352 17.3 WSNs for Agriculture 357 17.4 Design Challenges of WSNs in Agriculture 359 17.5 WSN-based Applications in Agriculture 366 Part V Industrial and Other WSS Solutions 381 18 Structural Health Monitoring with WSNs 383 Chaoqing Tang, Habib F. Rashvand, Gui Yun Tian, Pan Hu, Ali Imam Sunny and Haitao Wang 18.1 Introduction 383 18.2 SHM Sensing Techniques 386 18.3 WSN-enabled SHM Applications 391 18.4 Network Topology and Overlays 397 19 Error Manifestations in Industrial WSN Communications and Guidelines for Countermeasures 409 Filip Barac, Mikael Gidlund, Tingting Zhang and Emiliano Sisinni 19.1 Introduction 409 19.2 Compromising Factors in IWSN Communication 410 19.3 The Statistics of Link-quality Metrics for Poor Links 414 19.4 The Statistical Properties of Bit- and Symbol-Errors 417 19.5 Guidelines for Countermeasures 419 20 A Medium-access Approach to Wireless Technologies for Reliable Communication in Aircraft 431 Murat Gursu, Mikhail Vilgelm, Eriza Fazli and Wolfgang Kellerer 20.1 Introduction 431 20.2 Reliability Assessment Framework 433 20.3 Metrics and Parameters 438 20.4 Candidate Wireless Technologies 440 20.5 Evaluation 448 21 Applications of Wireless Sensor Systems for Monitoring of Offshore Windfarms 453 Deepshikha Agarwal and Nand Kishor 21.1 Introduction 453 21.2 Literature Review 454 21.3 WSNs in Windfarms 454 21.4 Simulation and Discussion 463 Summary 465 References 466 Index 469

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