Peacemaking and the Challenge of Violence in World Religions

Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 Irfan A. Omar and Michael K. Duffey 1 Jihad and Nonviolence in the Islamic Tradition 9 Irfan A. Omar Overview of the Islamic tradition 10 Ways of Understanding Violence and Nonviolence 13 Jihad in the Qur an 15 Peacemaking and the challenge of violence 21 Nonviolent Activism: Key Muslim Figures 26 Conclusion 33 Questions for Discussion 35 Notes 35 References 36 Further Reading 38 Muslim Peacemaking and Civil Rights Organizations/Resources 39 Glossary 40 1.1 A Confucian Response 41 Sin Yee Chan 1.2 A Jewish Response 44 Joshua Ezra Burns 2 Christianity: From Peacemaking to Violence and Home Again 47 Michael K. Duffey Who was Jesus? 49 Jesus, Nonviolence, and Peacemaking 50 A Brief History of Christian Nonviolence and Violence 55 Christian conscience 63 Peace through Nonviolence 65 Conclusion 69 Questions for discussion 70 Notes 70 References 72 Further Reading 73 2.1 A Buddhist Response 75 Eleanor Rosch 2.2 A Muslim Response 80 Irfan A. Omar 3 Jewish Ideologies of Peace and Peacemaking 83 Joshua Ezra Burns What is Judaism? 84 Jewish Terms for Peace and Peacemaking 87 War and Peace in the Hebrew Scriptures 90 Pacifism in the Rabbinic Tradition 92 The State of Israel 95 Pursuing Peace 98 Conclusions and Future Prospects 101 Questions for Discussion 102 References 102 Further Reading 104 Glossary 105 3.1 A Christian Response 107 Michael K. Duffey 3.2 A Native American Response 109 Tink Tinker 4 From Sincerity of Thought to Peace All Under Heaven (Tianxia V * ): The Confucian Stance on Peace and Violence 112 Sin Yee Chan Introduction to Confucianism 113 Meanings of peace 117 Peace on the ground 120 Violence and war 122 Conclusion 129 Questions for discussion 130 Notes 131 References 132 Further reading 133 Glossary 134 4.1 A Buddhist Response 135 Eleanor Rosch 4.2 A Jewish Response 139 Joshua Ezra Burns 5 Peace is the Strongest Force in the World : Buddhist Paths to Peacemaking and Nonviolence 142 Eleanor Rosch Overview of Buddhism 143 Historical Development of the Meanings of Peace, Nonviolence, and War 149 Moral Teachings Regarding Violence and Nonviolence 152 History of Buddhism s Responses to Violence 154 Emerging Innovative Peacemaking Practices 158 Conclusions: What in Buddhism Provides the Means for Nonviolent Peacemaking? 161 Questions for Discussion 164 Notes 165 References 166 Further Reading 167 Buddhist Peacemaking Organizations and Resources 169 Glossary 170 5.1 A Hindu Response 173 Kalpana Mohanty 5.2 A Native American Response 175 Tink Tinker 6 Peacemaking and Nonviolence in the Hindu Tradition 178 Kalpana Mohanty Introduction to the Hindu tradition 179 Peace, war, and nonviolence 180 Hinduism s Response to Violence 182 Traditional Methods of Conflict Resolution 184 Mohandas K. Gandhi and the Satyagraha Movement 185 Practices and Disciplines that Contribute to Peacemaking 188 Hindu Peace Groups and Organizations 189 Innovative and Emerging Peacemaking Practices 190 Hindu Saints and Seminal Thinkers 192 Conclusion 195 Questions for Discussion 196 Notes 196 References 196 Further Reading 197 Hindu Peace Organizations 198 Glossary 198 6.1 A Christian Response 200 Michael K. Duffey 6.2 A Muslim Response 202 Irfan A. Omar 7 The Irrelevance of euro ]christian Dichotomies for Indigenous Peoples: Beyond Nonviolence to a Vision of Cosmic Balance 206 Tink Tinker Religion 207 Balance as Reciprocal Dualism 210 Warfare 210 Nonviolence as Incompatible 215 World Incommensurability: the Dissimilitude of Otherness 216 Relationship = Less Extraneous Violence 219 Questions for discussion 220 Notes 221 References 223 Further reading 224 7.1 A Confucian Response 226 Sin Yee Chan 7.2 A Hindu Response 230 Kalpana Mohanty Conclusion 232 Irfan A. Omar and Michael K. Duffey Index 236

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• Violência na sociedade
• Religião comparativa
• Estudos sobre a paz e resolução de conflitos